The Effect of Nickel Content and Mechanical Activation on Combustion in the 5Ti + 3Si + хNi System

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Abstract

Intermetallic alloys were synthesized in the 5Ti + 3Si + xNi system by the method of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) and mechanosynthesis. The influence of nickel content on the morphology, size and yield of composite particles after mechanical activation (MA) of mixtures was studied. The dependences of the maximum temperatures and combustion rates, phase composition, morphology and elongation of synthesis products on the nickel content for the initial and MA mixtures are studied. Under the conditions of the experiments conducted in this work, combustion process was able to realize and at the same time the samples burned completely at a nickel content of 10 to 60 wt.% in the 5Ti + 3Si + xNi system. After MA, the samples from the 5Ti + 3Si mixture burned to the end, and during the activation of the 5Ti + 3Si + 40% Ni mixture, mechanochemical synthesis occurred. With increasing nickel content combustion temperature decreases, and combustion velocity behaves nonmonotonically, increases the size of composite particles and decreases the yield of the mixture after MA. MA practically did not affect the maximum combustion temperatures of mixtures of 5Ti + 3Si + xNi. A multiple (from 0.7 to 2.9 cm/s) increase in the burning rate of samples from MA mixtures with an increase in the Ni content from 20 to 30 wt. % was recorded. An increase in the nickel content leads to an increase in the content of triple phases and the amount of melt in the synthesis products of mixtures of 5Ti + 3Si + xNi. Shrinkage of product samples increases with increasing nickel content in the initial mixtures. After MA, the shrinkage of the product samples is replaced by their growth. Explanations of the observed dependencies are proposed.

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N. A. Kochetov

Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Material Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Author for correspondence.
Email: kolyan_kochetov@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Chernogolovka

I. D. Kovalev

Merzhanov Institute of Structural Macrokinetics and Material Science, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: kolyan_kochetov@mail.ru
Russian Federation, Chernogolovka

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2. Fig. 1. Results of X-ray phase analysis: a - activated mixtures 5Ti + 3Si + xNi (x = 0, 10, 30 wt%); b - mechanosynthesis products of the mixture 5Ti + 3Si + + + 40%Ni. Numbers denote phase reflections: 1 - Ti, 2 - Si, 3 - TiH1.5, 4 - Ni, 5 - Ni3Ti3O, 6 - TiNiSi, 7 - Ti5Si3.

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3. Fig. 2. Photographs of particles of the initial 5Ti + 3Si mixture (a); particles of the activated 5Ti + 3Si mixture (b); composite particles formed during the MA process of the 5Ti + 3Si + 10%Ni mixture (c), particles of mechanosynthesis products of the 5Ti + 3Si + 40%Ni mixture (d).

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4. Fig. 3. Dependence of average particle size (a), yield of activated mixture 5Ti + 3Si + xNi (b) on nickel content.

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5. Fig. 4. Experimentally measured dependences of maximum temperature (a), combustion rate (b) on nickel percentage in the initial (, dashed-dotted line) and activated (■, solid line) mixtures of 5Ti + 3Si + xNi.

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6. Fig. 5. Results of X-ray phase analysis of synthesis products of initial (a) and activated (b) mixtures 5Ti + 3Si + + + xNi with different nickel content. Numbers indicate phase reflections: 1 - Ti5Si3, 2 - TiNiSi , 3 -Ti2Ni3Si, 4 - Ni, 5 - Si, 6 - Ti, 7 - Ni16Ti6Si7, 8 - Ni3Ti3O.

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7. Fig. 6. Photograph of samples of combustion products of initial (a) and activated (b) mixtures 5Ti + 3Si + xNi with different nickel content: 1 - 0, 2 - 10, 3 - 20, 4 - 30, 5 - 40, 6 - 50, 7 - 60, 8 - 70 wt. %.

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8. Fig. 7. Dependence of relative elongation of samples of synthesis products of initial mixture 5Ti + 3Si + + + xNi (○, dashed-dotted line), MA-mixture 5Ti + +3Si + xNi (■, solid line) on nickel content.

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