An Updated Review on the Significance of DNA and Protein Methyltransferases and De-methylases in Human Diseases: From Molecular Mechanism to Novel Therapeutic Approaches


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Abstract

Epigenetic mechanisms are crucial in regulating gene expression. These mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, like methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation. DNA methylation is associated with gene expression suppression; however, histone methylation can stimulate or repress gene expression depending on the methylation pattern of lysine or arginine residues on histones. These modifications are key factors in mediating the environmental effect on gene expression regulation. Therefore, their aberrant activity is associated with the development of various diseases. The current study aimed to review the significance of DNA and histone methyltransferases and demethylases in developing various conditions, like cardiovascular diseases, myopathies, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, cancer, aging, and central nervous system conditions. A better understanding of the epigenetic roles in developing diseases can pave the way for developing novel therapeutic approaches for affected patients.

About the authors

Mohammad Ghanbari

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Negin Khosroshahi

Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Maryam Alamdar

Department of Genetics Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Adel Abdi

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences,, University of Tabriz

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Aida Aghazadeh

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences,, University of Tabriz

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mohammad Feizi

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences,, University of Tabriz

Email: info@benthamscience.net

Mehdi Haghi

Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz

Author for correspondence.
Email: info@benthamscience.net

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