Parallels between the Development of the Culture-Area Concept and “Economic and Technical Areas” in the 1920s–1930s

封面

如何引用文章

全文:

开放存取 开放存取
受限制的访问 ##reader.subscriptionAccessGranted##
受限制的访问 订阅存取

详细

The article examines the development of the “culture area” concept in American cultural anthropology and that of “economic-cultural type” in Soviet ethnography in the 1920s–1930s. Three stages of development of the concepts have been outlined: 1) the 1890s–1910s, during which the concepts of areal/territorial studies received their initial design; the masterpiece of the period was “The American Indian” by C. Wissler (1917); 2) the 1920s, when the concepts were theoretically substantiated; 3) the 1930s, when discussion of the topic ceased in the USSR, while in the USA the concept of culture area was criticized by A. Kroeber for the lack of historicism. The article highlights the features of each national school: historicism in the USSR and consistent empiricism in the USA. It is also indicated that a number of provisions of the ECT/CA concepts in the pre-war period did not receive sufficient coverage: the relationship between environmental and cultural factors.

全文:

受限制的访问

作者简介

Andrey Tutorskiy

Lomonosov Moscow State University; Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: tutorski@hist.msu.ru

к. и. н., доцент кафедры этнологии исторического факультета, научный сотрудник 

俄罗斯联邦, GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119991; 32a Leninsky prospect, Moscow, 119991

参考

  1. Alexeeva, T.I., and S.A. Arutyunov. 2004. Maksim Grigor’evich Levin: uchenyi, uchitel’, chelovek [Maxim Grigorievich Levin: Scientist, Teacher, Person]. In Vydaiushchiesia otechestvennye etnologi i antropologi XX veka [Outstanding Russian Ethnologists and Anthropologists of the 20th Century], edited by V.A. Tishkov and D.D. Tumarkin, 331–357. Moscow: Nauka.
  2. Alymov, S.S., and S.V. Podrezova. 2017. Etnos na karte: geograficheskoe voobrazhenie shkoly F.K. Volkova [Mapping Ethnos: Geographical Imaginations of F.K. Volkov and His Students]. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie 5: 85–103.
  3. Andrianov, B.V. 1985. Neosedloe naselenie mira [The Unsettled Population of the World]. Moscow: Vostochnaia literatura.
  4. Anikin, N.V. and T.D. Solovei. 2013. Interv’iu s doktorom istoricheskikh nauk, professorom G.E. Markovym [Interview of Gennadiy Markov]. In Problemno-tematicheskoe prostranstvo i teoreticheskie granitsy sovremennoi etnologii [Problem-Thematic Space and Theoretical Boundaries of Modern Ethnology], edited by T.D. Solovei, 23–31. Moscow: Moskovskii gosudarstvennyi universitet.
  5. Anuchin, D.N. 1916. E.B. Tylor. Russkii antropologicheskii zhurnal 3–4: 1–16.
  6. Arziutov, D.V., S.S. Alymov, and D.G. Anderson, eds. 2014. Ot klassikov k marksizmu: soveshchanie etnografov Moskvy i Leningrada (5–11 aprelia 1929 g.) [From Classics to Marxism: The Meeting of Ethnographers from Moscow and Leningrad (5–11 April 1929)]. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN.
  7. Averkieva, Y.P. 1979. Istoriia teoreticheskoi mysli v amerikanskoi etnografii [History of Theoretical Thought in American Ethnography]. Moscow: Nauka.
  8. Bogoraz-Tan, V.G. 1928. Rasprostranenie kul’tury na Zemle. Osnovy etnogeografii [Spread of Culture on Earth: Fundamentals of Ethnogeography]. Moscow; Leningrad: GIZ.
  9. Kagarov, E.G. 1928. Predely etnografii [Limits of Ethnography]. Etnografiia 1: 11–21.
  10. Kroeber, A.L. 1904. Types of Indian Culture in California. University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 2: 81–103.
  11. Kroeber, A.L. 1931. The Culture-Area and Age-Area Concepts of Clark Wissler. In Methods in Social Science, edited by S.A. Stuart, 248–265. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  12. Kroeber, A.L. 1939. Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  13. Levin, M.G. 1946. O proiskhozhdenii i tipakh upriazhnogo sobakovodstva [On the Origin and Types of the Draft Dog Breeding]. Sovetskaia etnografiia 4: 75–108.
  14. Levin, M.G., and N.N. Cheboksarov. 1955. Khoziaistvenno-kul’turnye tipy i istorikoetnograficheskie oblasti [Economic-Cultural Types and Historical-Ethnographic Regions]. Sovetskaia etnografiia 4: 3–17.
  15. Lowie, R.H. 1928. Review of Studies on the Origin of Cultivated Plants, by N. Vavilov. American Anthropologist 4 (30): 716–719.
  16. Murdock, G.P. 1951. South American Culture Areas. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 7 (4): 415–436.
  17. Nikolaev, V.G. 2004. Antropologiia Al’freda Krebera: osnovnye shtrikhi [Anthropology of Alfred Kroeber: Basic Touches]. In Izbrannoe. Priroda kul’tury [Selected Works: The Nature of Culture], by A.L. Kreber, 933–975. Moscow: ROSSPEN.
  18. Nikolskii, V.K. 1923. Kompleksnyi metod v doistorii [Complex Method in Prehistory]. Vestnik Sotsialisticheskoi Akademii 4: 309–349.
  19. Oktiabrskaia, I.V. 2020. Areal’nye issledovaniia v rossiiskoi etnografii: traditsii i sovremennoe sostoianie [Areal Research in Russian Ethnography: Traditions and Current State]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriia, Istoriia 68: 101–108.
  20. Preobrazhenskii, P.F. 1928. Etnografiia [Ethnography]. In Obshchestvennye nauki SSSR. 1917–1927 [Social Sciences of the USSR: 1917–1927], edited by V.P. Volgin, G.O. Gordon, and I.K. Luppol, 77–89. Moscow: Rabotnik prosveshcheniia.
  21. Preobrazhenskii, P.F. 1929. Kurs etnologii [Ethnology Course]. Moscow; Leningrad: GIZ.
  22. Reshetov, A.M. 2004. Nikolai Nikolaevich Cheboksarov: portret uchenogo v kontekste ego vremeni [Nikolai Nikolaevich Cheboksarov: Portrait of a Scientist in the Context of His Time]. In Vydaiushchiesia otechestvennye etnologi i antropologi XX veka [Outstanding Russian Ethnologists and Anthropologists of the 20th Century], edited by V.A. Tishkov and D.D. Tumarkin, 358–396. Moscow: Nauka.
  23. Sokolovskiy, S.V. 2014. Zerkala i otrazheniia, ili eshche raz o situatsii v rossiiskoi antropologii [Mirrors and Reflections, or Once More on Situation in Russian Anthropology]. Antropologicheskii forum 1: 143–188.
  24. Solovei, T.D. 2001. “Korennoi perelom” v otechestvennoi etnografii [“Great Break” in Russian Ethnography]. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie 3: 101–121.
  25. Steward, J.H. 1972. Theory of Culture Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution. Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
  26. Tolstov, S.P. 1932. Ocherki pervonachal’nogo islama [Essays on the Original Islam]. Sovetskaia etnografiia 2: 24–82.
  27. Tutorskiy, A.V. 2023. Khoziaistvenno-kul’turnye tipy v issledovaniiakh G.E. Markova [Economic and Cultural Types in the Studies of G.E. Markova]. In Zhit’ v epokhu peremen: sud’ba uchenogo i traektorii nauki. K stoletiiu so dnia rozhdeniia professora Gennadiia Evgen’evicha Markova [To Live in an Era of Change: The Fate of a Scientist and the Trajectory of Science: To the Centenary of Professor Gennady Evgenievich Markov], edited by M.N. Bakhmatova, O.E. Kazmina, and T.D. Solovei, 179–196. St. Petersburg: Aleteiia.
  28. Vavilov, N.I. 1926. Tsentry proiskhozhdeniia kul’turnykh rastenii [Centres of Origin of Cultivated Plants]. Leningrad.
  29. Volkov, F.K. 1914. Anketnye voprosy Komissii po sostavleniiu etnograficheskikh kart Rossii, sostoiashchei pri Otdelenii etnografii IRGO [Questionnairs of the Commission for the Ethnographic Map of Russia]. Zhivaia starina 1–2: 193–194.
  30. Wissler, C. 1906. Ethnic Types and Isolation. Science 578: 147–149.
  31. Wissler, C. 1917. American Indian: An Introduction to the Anthropology of the New World. New York: Douglas C. McMurtrie.
  32. Wissler, C. 1923. Man and Culture. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell Co.
  33. Wissler, C. 1926. The Relation of Nature to Man in Aboriginal America. New York: Oxford University Press.
  34. Wissler, C. 1927. The Culture-Area Concept in Social Anthropology. American Journal of Sociology 6 (32): 881–891.
  35. Yamskov, A.N. 2003. Etnoekologicheskie issledovaniia kul’tury i kontseptsiia kul’turnogo landshafta [Ethnoecological Studies of Culture and the Concept of Cultural Landscape]. In Kul’turnyi landshaft: teoreticheskie i regional’nye issledovaniia [Cultural Landscape: Theoretical and Regional Studies], edited by V.N. Kalutskov, T.M. Krasovskaia, and A.N. Yamskov, 62–77. Moscow: Izdatel’stvo MGU.
  36. Yamskov, A.N. 2023. Kontseptsii khoziaistvenno-kul’turnykh tipov i istoriko-kul’turnykh oblastei – vklad sovetskoi etnografii v kul’turno-geograficheskoe raionirovanie [Concepts of Economic and Cultural Types and Historical and Cultural Areas: Contribution of Soviet Ethnography to Cultural-Geographical Regionalisation]. Geograficheskaia sreda i zhivye sistemy 2: 47–74.
  37. Zelenin, D.K. 1929. Perspektivnyi plan rabot po etnograficheskomu izucheniiu Tsentral’no-Promyshlennoi oblasti [Long-Term Work Plan for the Ethnographic Study of the Central Industrial Region]. In Kul’tura i byt naseleniia Tsentral’no-Promyshlennoi oblasti. Etnologicheskie issledovaniia i materialy [Culture and Everyday Life of the Central Industrial Region Population: Ethnological Researches and Materials], edited by V.V. Bogdanov and S.P. Tolstov, 23–27. Moscow: tipografiia PTO MONO pri 1 Moskovskom institute glukhonemykh.
  38. Zolotarev, A. 1938. The Ancient Culture of North Asia. American Anthropologist 1 (40): 13–23.

补充文件

附件文件
动作
1. JATS XML
下载

版权所有 © Russian Academy of Sciences, 2024