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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cytokines and inflammation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cytokines and inflammation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цитокины и воспаление</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1684-7849</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">688234</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CI688234</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OMLTID</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Study Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные исследования</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The effect of proinflammatory cytokines on renal function in patients with obesity: a cross-sectional study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние провоспалительных цитокинов на почечную функцию у пациентов с различной степенью ожирения: одномоментное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6796-4507</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8965-5771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Islamova</surname><given-names>Malika S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исламова</surname><given-names>Малика Санжаровна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>islamova11071988@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9951-2895</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">8770-9686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaeva</surname><given-names>Charos A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаева</surname><given-names>Чарос Абдуджалиловна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук</p></bio><email>charoscard@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9638-1576</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Akbarova</surname><given-names>Gulnoza P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акбарова</surname><given-names>Гульноза Пулатовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>g56037932@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0022-6285</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Irisov</surname><given-names>Djamshid B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ирисов</surname><given-names>Джамшид Баходирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук</p></bio><email>doctoruz@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tashkent State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="kk"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="pt"></institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="zh"></institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tashkent State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2026-01-26" publication-format="electronic"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-24"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-12-22"><day>22</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, Islamova M.S., Abdullaeva C.A., Akbarova G.P., Irisov D.B.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, Исламова М.С., Абдуллаева Ч.А., Акбарова Г.П., Ирисов Д.Б.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Islamova M.S., Abdullaeva C.A., Akbarova G.P., Irisov D.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исламова М.С., Абдуллаева Ч.А., Акбарова Г.П., Ирисов Д.Б.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2028-08-04"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cijournal.ru/1684-7849/article/view/688234">https://cijournal.ru/1684-7849/article/view/688234</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>BACKGROUND:<italic> </italic></bold>Elevated serum creatinine levels and proteinuria are currently considered indicators of kidney damage; however, these markers typically appear at late stages, when renal injury is often irreversible and the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy is limited. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers for early diagnosis of kidney damage may remarkably improve the effectiveness of nephroprotective therapy.</p> <p><bold>AIM:<italic> </italic></bold>This work aimed to evaluate the association between levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β) and renal functional parameters in patients with varying degrees of obesity.</p> <p><bold>METHODS:<italic> </italic></bold>A prospective analysis of diagnostic data from 52 patients of both sexes was performed. Participants were divided into two groups based on glomerular filtration rate. Inclusion criteria were age 35–65 years and the presence of obesity; exclusion criteria included confirmed diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and other acute inflammatory conditions.</p> <p><bold>RESULTS:<italic> </italic></bold>Both IL-6 and IL-1β demonstrated acceptable diagnostic accuracy (AUC &gt;0.74) in identifying patients with early decline in glomerular filtration rate. These findings suggest that these cytokines may serve as potential biomarkers of early-stage chronic kidney disease associated with obesity, including in patients without comorbid chronic conditions.</p> <p><bold>CONCLUSION:<italic> </italic></bold>The cytokine profile can serve as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of metabolic dysfunction–associated kidney damage. This facilitates the development of targeted anti-inflammatory therapy strategies for the prevention of chronic kidney disease in patients with obesity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Обоснование. </bold>В настоящее время признаками, указывающими на поражение почек, считаются повышение уровня креатинина сыворотки крови и протеинурия; однако указанные маркёры проявляются на позднем этапе поражения почек, когда в большинстве случаев процесс становится необратимым и эффективность медикаментозной терапии невысока. В связи с этим выявление биомаркёров, обеспечивающих раннюю диагностику поражения почек, может значительно повысить результативность нефропротективной терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования. </bold>Оценить взаимосвязь между уровнем провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-6 и IL-1β) и показателями функционального состояния почек у пациентов с различной степенью ожирения.</p> <p><bold>Методы. </bold>Проведён анализ проспективных диагностических данных 52 пациентов обоего пола. В зависимости от скорости клубочковой фильтрации обследуемые были распределены на две группы. Критериями включения являлись возраст 35–65 лет и наличие ожирения; критериями исключения — наличие верифицированного сахарного диабета, артериальной гипертензии и иных острых воспалительных состояний.</p> <p><bold>Результаты. </bold>Как IL-6, так и IL-1β обладали приемлемой диагностической точностью (AUC &gt;0,74) при выявлении пациентов с начавшимся снижением скорости клубочковой фильтрации. Это позволяет рассматривать данные цитокины в качестве потенциальных биомаркёров ранней стадии хронической болезни почек, ассоциированной с ожирением, в том числе у пациентов без сопутствующих хронических заболеваний.</p> <p><bold>Заключение. </bold>Цитокиновый профиль может служить биомаркёром ранней диагностики метаболически индуцированного поражения почек, что способствует разработке таргетных противовоспалительных стратегий профилактики хронической болезни почек у пациентов с ожирением.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>proinflammatory cytokines</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>renal function decline</kwd><kwd>chronic kidney disease</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>провоспалительные цитокины</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>снижение функции почек</kwd><kwd>хроническая болезнь почек</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Eknoyan G. Obesity and chronic kidney disease. 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