Cytokines and inflammationCytokines and inflammationЦитокины и воспаление1684-7849Eco-Vector68002610.17816/CI680026FMTCRDSystematic reviewsСистематические обзорыReview ArticleAntitumor efficacy of azoximer in cancer patients: a systematic reviewОценка противоопухолевой эффективности азоксимера бромида у онкологических больных: систематический обзорhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8906-03705124-5881LatipovaDilorom K.ЛатиповаДилором Хамидовна
Russian Federation

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)

канд. мед. наук

dilat77@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1626-082X2023-1598SluginaEkaterina A.СлугинаЕкатерина Андреевна
Russian Federation
emureyko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-47094549-7885NovikAleksei V.НовикАлексей Викторович
Russian Federation

MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine)

д-р мед. наук

anovik@list.ruN.N. Petrov National Medical Research Centre of OncologyНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. ПетроваSaint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityСанкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет211120253011202522120292005202505112025Copyright ©; 2025, Eco-VectorCopyright ©; 2025, Эко-Вектор2025Eco-VectorЭко-Векторhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/https://cijournal.ru/1684-7849/article/view/680026

Azoximer bromide is an immunomodulator. Despite its long-term use and evidence of its potential antitumor activity, the role of azoximer bromide in oncology is still unclear. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the available evidence on how azoximer bromide affects the typical safety outcomes of anticancer treatments.

The review included papers published from 2000 to 2022 from the Cochrane, eLibrary.Ru, and PubMed databases, as well as relevant publications from their references. The inclusion criteria were confirmed cancer and evidenсe on antitumor efficacy (objective response and survival rates), immunological efficacy (effects on immune system parameters), and safety of azoximer bromide in combination with standard treatment options or as monotherapy. Owning to of the high level of data heterogeneity, only a descriptive analysis and a publication quality assessment were performed.

The review included 16 studies. The azoximer bromide treatment regimens showed a high level of heterogeneity. The use of azoximer bromide was associated with an increase in certain T-lymphocyte subpopulations and a shift in the ratio of T-helpers (Th) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes toward CD4+ cells. The azoximer bromide groups showed a significant decrease in the rate of adverse events compared with the control groups. Patients who received azoximer bromide were found to have a higher overall survival rate, longer time to progression, and longer duration of response. However, the included studies had a low level of evidence.

The analysis shows that it is necessary and feasible to evaluate azoximer bromide in randomized trials as part of combined cancer therapy.

Азоксимера бромид (АБ) относится к классу иммуномодуляторов. Несмотря на длительный опыт применения и наличие сведений о потенциальной противоопухолевой активности, его роль в онкологической практике остаётся не до конца определённой. Мы провели систематический обзор для оценки имеющихся данных о влиянии АБ на стандартные показатели эффективности безопасности противоопухолевого лечения.

В анализ включены исследования, опубликованные с 2000 по 2022 год, из баз данных Cochrane, eLibrary.Ru, PubMed, а также релевантные публикации из списков литературы. Критериями включения были подтверждённый онкологический диагноз и оценка противоопухолевой эффективности (объективный ответ, показатели выживаемости), иммунологической эффективности (влияние на показатели иммунной системы) или безопасности при применении АБ в комбинации со стандартными методами лечения или в виде монотерапии. Ввиду высокой гетерогенности данных использованы только методы описательного анализа и оценка качества публикаций.

В обзор вошли 16 исследований. Выявлена высокая гетерогенность режимов введения АБ. Применение АБ сопровождалось увеличением субпопуляций Т-лимфоцитов и смещением соотношения Т-хелперов (Th) и цитотоксических Т-лимфоцитов в сторону CD4+ клеток. В группах с АБ отмечено значительное снижение частоты нежелательных явлений по сравнению с контрольными группами. Выявлено повышение общей выживаемости, времени до прогрессирования и длительности ответа у пациентов, получавших АБ. При этом отмечен низкий уровень убедительности доказательств во включённых исследованиях.

Проведённый анализ подтверждает необходимость и целесообразность оценки АБ в составе комплексной терапии злокачественных опухолей в рандомизированных исследованиях.

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