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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cytokines and inflammation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cytokines and inflammation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Цитокины и воспаление</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1684-7849</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">629150</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17816/CI629150</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Научные обзоры</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Delivery systems for growth factors and cytokines in the treatment of chronic skin wounds</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Системы доставки факторов роста и цитокинов при лечении хронической кожной раны</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0120-2689</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="scopus">58573431100</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2754-5231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chuprynin</surname><given-names>Gleb P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чупрынин</surname><given-names>Глеб Павлович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>chupryningp@ksma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-3408</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">9685-7584</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>Natalia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Наталья Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, профессор</p></bio><email>nvk24071954@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-6813</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">2461-8365</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melkonian</surname><given-names>Karina I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелконян</surname><given-names>Карина Игоревна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Assistant Professor</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. мед. наук, доцент</p></bio><email>kimelkonian@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kuban State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Кубанский государственный медицинский университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="preprint" iso-8601-date="2024-08-14" publication-format="electronic"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-25" publication-format="electronic"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-15"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2024</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-08-06"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Eco-Vector</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Эко-Вектор</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Eco-Vector</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Эко-Вектор</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-09-04"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://cijournal.ru/1684-7849/article/view/629150">https://cijournal.ru/1684-7849/article/view/629150</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Chronic wounds are characterized by a wide prevalence, high mortality rate, complex and expensive treatment. Characteristic features of non-healing wounds are prolonged inflammation, dysfunction of immune cell regulation, and imbalance in the secretion of growth factors and cytokines. All this leads to impaired healing processes and restoration of skin functions. Current research demonstrates the importance of studying the influence of growth factors and cytokines on the process of repair of chronic skin wounds, and the importance of developing ways to use integrated therapies to deliver bioactive substances to injury site. Different types of encapsulating forms represent a promising and effective system for the delivery of drugs that have a stimulating effect on the wound healing process. Hydrogels provide controlled release and protect bioactive molecules from protease degradation. This review examines the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of chronic skin wounds and their interactions with cytokines and growth factors in the reparative process of chronic skin injuries. The review article evaluates modern approaches to the use of various biomaterials for the delivery of cytokines, which, on the one hand, ensures their retention, stabilization and protection from degradation, and on the other hand, promotes the closure and healing of the wound surface.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Хронические раны представляют собой актуальную проблему из-за своего широкого распространения, высокого уровня смертности, а также трудного и дорогостоящего лечения. Отличительными особенностями незаживающих ран являются длительная стадия воспаления, дисфункция регуляции иммунных клеток и дисбаланс секреции факторов роста и цитокинов, что приводит к нарушению процессов заживления и восстановления функций кожного покрова. Современные исследования демонстрируют важность изучения влияния факторов роста и цитокинов на процесс репарации хронических ран кожи и разработки способов их применения в комплексном лечении путём точной доставки данных биологически активных веществ в зону повреждения. В этой связи различные типы носителей и инкапсулирующих форм представляют собой перспективную и эффективную систему доставки лекарств. Они оказывают стимулирующее воздействие на процессы заживления ран, обеспечивают управляемое высвобождение и защиту включённых в них биоактивных молекул от разложения протеазами. В данном обзоре рассматривается роль иммунных клеток в патогенезе хронических ран кожи и их взаимодействия с цитокинами и факторами роста в репаративном процессе хронических повреждений кожи, а также оцениваются современные подходы к использованию различных биоматериалов для доставки цитокинов, которые, с одной стороны, обеспечивает их удержание, стабилизацию и защиту от деградации, а с другой — способствуют закрытию и заживлению раневой поверхности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic injury</kwd><kwd>immunomodulatory therapy</kwd><kwd>skin injuries</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd><kwd>delivery systems</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая рана</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулирующая терапия</kwd><kwd>повреждения кожи</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd><kwd>системы доставки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gain J, Gerasimenko M, Shakhrai S, et al. 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